Hermetically sealed radial compressor assembly



June 6, 1956 w. F. BORGERD ET AL 2,752,088

HERMETICALLY SEALED RADIAL COMPRESSOR ASSEMBLY Filed May 20, 1952 5Sheets-Sheet 1 P Jm 01L will $3 aw Filed May 20, 1952 W. F. BORGERD ETAL June 26, 1956 HERMETICALLY SEALED RADIAL COMPRESSOR ASSEMBLY 5Sheets-Sheet 2 50 J33 91 2 85 8:! I k m 7.9 n"

l CH1] June 26, 1956 w. F. BORGERD ET A1. 2,752,088

HERMETICALLY SEALED RADIAL COMPRESSOR ASSEMBLY Filed May 20, 1952 5Sheets-Sheet 3 United States Patent HERMETICALLY SEALED RADIALCOMPRESSOR ASSEMBLY William F. Borgerd, John Calling, and Isaac M.Wherry, Evansville, Ind., assignors, by mesne assignments, toWhirlpool-Seeger Corporation, a corporation of Delaware Application May20, 1952, Serial No. 288,846

17 Claims. (Cl. 230-58) This invention relates to a compressor assemblyand more particularly to a novel compressor particularly adapted for usewith heat pumps and the like.

A general object of the invention is to devise a compact, light weightcompressor assembly wherein the parts are arranged in a unitarystructure for relatively easy assembly and disassembly.

Another general object of the invention is to devise a compressorencased Within a cylindrical housing and constituted of parts which arearranged to function conjunctively in an improved manner to provide ahighly eflicient compressor assembly.

A principal object is to develop a high pressure container of simple,inexpensive and compact design and of relatively small diameter andfeaturing convex end caps secured in advantageous manner to oppositeends of the cylindrical body portion of the container.

A more specific object of the invention is to design a compressorincorporating a generally cylindrical housing hermetically closed ateach end, the housing enclosing a compressor and driving motor thereforand the encased assembly having a close fit with the housingintermediate the top and bottom ends thereof and resting on a novelcenter support in guided engagement with a novel guide cup in the bottomclosure end member or the housing or container. These two areas ofengagement between the housing and the compressor assembly accommodateready insertion and withdrawal of the assembly with respect to thehousing and further the limited areas of engagement obtain a snug fitbetween the parts, and the slip mounting of the assembly within thecontainer accommodates expansion and contraction of the compressor andmotor unit without wedging the parts together so that they may not bereadily separated.

A still further object of the invention is to provide a novelorganization of the various components such that the driving motor is atthe upper end of the unit, the compressor unit or component is in theintermediate section of the container and the lubricating oil sump is atthe bottom end of the container, the sump and the intermediate sectionbeing separated by a novel bafile plate arrangement provided withseveral minute apertures such as will permit an equalization of gaspressures in the intermediate and bottom sections of the container whileat the same time preventing froth, which develops from the tendency ofgases entrained in the oil to separate therefrom as during initiation ofa starting cycle of the compressor, from expanding into the compressorchamber and being carried in the gas therein into the cylinders of thecompressor. 7

A still further object is to dispose the discharge manifold of thecompressor within the oil sump for efficient heat transfer thereto, theoil sump, in turn, transferring the heat into the walls of the containerwhich are encased at the intermediate and bottom sections of thecontainer within a preferably copper jacket adapted to have water passedtherethrough between the same and the external side of the containerencasing the motor and compressor 2,752,088 Patented June 26, 1956 unit.Such a novel disposition of parts obtains an eflicient heat transferfrom desired areas and precludes a deleterious rise in temperature ofthe upper section of the container whereat the electric drive motor isdisposed.

Another object is to provide in the organization last described adischarge manifold of generally circular construction whereby thedischarging gases from each cylinder are afforded two paths of dischargeand substantially equalized heat dissipation is obtained.

A further object of the invention is to devise a novel compressorassembly featuring a unitary one-piece crank case which afiords goodthermal characteristics and incorporates a novel distribution of thecylinders arranged along a spiral line developed about the longitudinalaxis of the crank case, the arrangement effecting simplification as wellas distribution and equalization of thermal stresses about the entirecrank case whereby to effect commensurate heat distribution in thehousing counterpart.

Another object is to arrange the parts in such manner Within the housingso as to divide the housing into a relatively low pressure chamber atthe upper end of the housing whereat the driving motor is disposed, thelower end of the low pressure chamber being terminated by a bulkheadmember which fits complementally into the housing in relatively tightconfinement therewith and providing a bearing mounting for the crankshaft of the compressor, the bulkhead being apertured to providepassages for the gas into a compressor chamber comprising a relativelylarge area intake manifold defined between the crank case of thecompressor and the external housing, the large area of the intakemanifold and its separation from the rotating motor parts beingconducive to slow down the gases whereby facilitating separation of theoil particles from the gas by deposition upon the extensive surfaces ofthe housing and the crank case to obviate carrying the oil particlesinto the cylinders.

A still further object of the invention is to provide in theorganization last described a terminus for the lower end of the intakemanifold chamber, said terminus being in the form of a bafile platesecured to the bottom end of the crank case and sealed about its outerperiphery with the housing to prevent leakage of oil froth therebetween,the bafile plate being provided with few relatively small aperturesaffording communication between the intake chamber and the oil sumpchamber therebelow to obtain equalization of pressures while at the sametime resisting the passage of oil froth from the sump into the intakechamber.

A still further object is to provide a novel lubrication system for thecompressor component, said system incorporating a pressure pumpdischarging through a passageway in the crank shaft, the passagewayhaving a series of openings aligned with the bearings of the connectingrods, the openings being arranged to register with squirt holes in thesehearings and the squirt holes being selectively disposed to spray thelubricant into the adjacent piston and cylinder assembly therebelow. Thesystem of lubrication further involves depositing the lubricant on theunderside of the upper counter-weight member of the crank shaft, thecounter-weight functioning in the nature of a slinger phased to throwthe oil principally into the uppermost piston and cylinder and to alesser degree to splash the lubricant over the upper extent or part ofthe crank case in order to more generally equalize thermalcharacteristics and thus minimize the development of Figure, 2, is a.transverse sectional. view. takenaubstm; tially on the line 22 of Figure1;

Figure 3 is a side elevational view of the crank case;

Figure 4 isa bot-tomview-of' the crank case;-

Figure 5 is-a side elevational' view partly irr. verticaLsection. of theoil: sump. baflle plate and: discharge manifold assembly;

Figure 6 is a topplan view of the bulkhead member and bearing. cageseparating the low pressure chamber from the compressor unit;

Figure 7'is a side'elevational view of the connecting rod of theuppermost piston assembly;

Figure 8 is an edge view of the rod shown in-Figure 7 partly broken awayto illustrate the oil passages;

Figure 9 is aside el'evational view partially in axial section-ofthecrankshaft; and;

Figure-'10 is a sectional viewof a' piston and cylinder assembly.

Describing'the invention indetail the pump unit generally designated 2comprises acylindrical or tubular housing or casing 4 closed at its endsby top and'bottom caps or end members 6 and 8, the end member 6 being.

weld-connected about its periphery'to theupper edge of the housing as at10, and the bottom-member being-weldconnected-about its periphery to-thebottom edge of the housing as-at 12.

The upper endcap 6 supports a terminal assembly 14 connected-throughaseries of leads 16-16 to the usual control-unit (not shown). Theterminals 14 have their inner ends extendedinto the'upper-extremity ofthe casing 4; beneath the cap 6 and are-connected through a series ofleads 2@-20toa stator coil-or fields 22 of a stator'23 which isarranged; in an annular fashion within. the low pressure compartment'ormotor chamber 24 at' the upper end of the casing 4'.

The outside. diameter of the stator 23' substantially approximatestheinside diameter, of the casing 4 so as to affordan easy fittherewithin. The stator 23 is supported at'its lower end upon aninturned flange 25' at the upper end .of a combination bulkhead memberand'bearing cage or partition generally indicated 26; The flange issecured at. spaced points as by. weldingto the lower ends of a series ofstudbolts 27 which.pass through notches or apertures in the statorlaminations, the upper ends ofithe stub bolts 27. being provided withnuts 28 for securing the stator laminations against the flange. 25.

The stator 23fis a circular or annular structure and cooperates witharotor 291 disposed therewithin, ,the. rotor being suitably keyedtollienpper. endof, acrankshaft. 30 for driving the same.

The shaft 30' is journaled at the lower end;of.'.the.rotor in a bearing3 1.enteredinto. the upper endlof; a support tube. 32 which .atitslower. end is ,integraLwith the center ofmember 26. and at'its lower endwiththe plurality of gussets 34-34. More specifically, the tube 32.adjacent to its lower end, mergesintoan integral generallycircularbulkhead plate 3.6..which, on its top side, merges with the beforementioned. gussets- 34.-34. The. radial plate 36 is joined atits outerperiphery withthe lower edge of an annulus 37, which, at its upper edge,mergeswith the before-mentioned inturnedannular flange 25; Theexternalside of the annulus 37 is preferablyslightly frustoconicalas at 38 andhas a snug complementary fit at'the bearingv area 39 with the interiorof .the casing;4,-int ermediate. thetop and bottomiendsithereoftTheplate fifi partitionsor forms the lower terminuspflthe lowpres; surechamber 24 and is provided with-a series of vertical apertures 39 -39along the inner margin of the annulus-37. to afford gas passages fromthe low-pressure. chamber. 24

. to an intakemanifold or. compressor chamber40 disposed below the plate36 and defined between the externalside of'crank case 41 of thecompressor or component.and the interior of the opposed intermediate.SectiQnAZa-of the cylinder 4. i

The casing 41 comprises agenerally cylindrical body '4 portion 42.vprovided with an integral outturnedflange 43 at its upper end securedasby stud assemblies 44 to the underside of the plate 36 of the bulkheadmember at the step down or depressed portion 45 thereof.

It will be appreciated thatthe step down portion 45 of the bulkheadplate 36 is adapted t'o permit complete gravitational' drainage of oilwhich collects on the surfaces thereabove on the stator and. the casingwalls and particularly asthe oil iscentrifugally separated whenthegases, which are drawn from an intake tube-46 connectedto the upper capmember. 6Iii1to the low. pressurechamber 2'4, are passed throughopenings 4747in the rotor.

The crank case 41 is provided with five outstanding uniformlyspacedcylinder holders designated'49',.50, 51, 52, and 53, theseholders 49througluSS- being arranged in a spiral about the longitudinal axis ofthe crank case 41 with the holder 49 disposed at the uppermost end ofthe casing and'the holder 53 at the lowermost. extremity thereof. Thisarrangement and disposition of the cooperating parts obtains agoodrunning balance so that the unit'may be rigidly mounted within thecontainer.

Eachholder includes-a ringfiange 54 which receives a cylinder sleeveassembly generally designated SStherein. Each cylinder sleeve assembly55 includes a cylindrical sleeve member 56 with a manifold ring 57Figure 10 aboutitsouter extremity, the ring 57 being of a largerdiameter thanthe sleeve 56 and complementally fitting within therelatedringflange 54 as at 58 and at its inner. edge seating as as 59 againstashoulder 66 of the related flange 54. Theintake manifold 57 ispreferably formed as a-separate piece and at its inner edge and internalside seats as at 61 and 62 respectively, snugly against the externalshoulder 63 on the sleeve intermediate the ends thereof and against theexternal side of the related'sleeve 56 and-connected theretopreferably'as by brazing.

Each manifold-ring 57 comprises a plurality of radial openings 6464therethrough, which, at their radially outer extremities, register withopenings 6565 or pipes (Figures 2 and 10) through the flange ring 54within which the ring'57'is nested. The radiallyinner extremities ofIthe. ports 6464 communicate with an annular groove 66 formed within theinterior of the manifold ring 57, the groove 66 forming a gaspassagewayv with an opposcdfrusto-conical surface 67 on the adjacent endof the-related sleeve 56, the surface. 67 tapering toward the outerextremity of the sleeve 56' and the outer. edge of 'the groove 66 beingformed with a rounded edge convexed toward the surface 67 and spacedslightly in a radial,direction therefrom to providea relatively narrowannular passage area 68 completely circumscribing the outer extremity ofthe related cylinder sleeve 56 for communication with the bore 69thereof within which .reciprocates a piston 70 which may be connectedthrough a wristpin andcrosshead 71' to the outer end of'acounectingrodwhich may be journaled on a crank throw formingpart of theintermediate section of. the crank shaft 30-as hereinafter described. 7

The. connection.71 may beconventional or such as shown in. acopendingapplication in the name ofJohn Calling-et al. entitled Connecting Rodand Piston Asserm blies, Serial No. l04, 526,-filed 'July'13, 1949, nowPatent No. 2,694,607;

Each'cylinderqmay be capped-by a cylinder head 74 which may be securedto' the related" ring flange 54 as by studs orbolts-=7575.

The valve arrangement permitting ga sxto be drawn from-the chamber40'throughthe pipes or apertures. 65, 64 grooves 66, 68 and into thecylinder bore. 69 on the intake strokeof the piston and the discharge ofthe gas on thecompression'stroke'of the piston through the cylinder '5Head Assembly issued October 14, 1952, to William F. Borgerd.

Each outlet port 76 may be connected to one end of a discharge means inthe form of a pipe 77 as by threaded nipples 77 The pipe 77 of eachcylinder head extends generally parallel to the casing 4 there alongsidethrough an aperture 78 provided in the baffle disk or partition member79. Each pipe 76 preferably has a fluid tight connection with the plate79 about the opening 78, the connection being in the form of silverbrazing or a packing gland assembly.

The baflie plate 79 is generally circular and formed preferably of thinflexible sheet metal and has a central dished or depressed portion 80disposed in cupped relationship with the lower end of the body portion42 of the crank case. The portion 80 seats on its top side againstbottom end of the body portion 42 and is secured thereto as by a seriesof bolts 8l81.

The outer periphery of the baifle 79 is provided with a gasket 82 insealing engagement with the internal side of the casing 4. The baffle 79defines the lower terminus of the chamber 40 and divides the same fromthe sump chamber 83 located at the lower end of the casing 4. The plate79 is provided with a series of relatively few small openings 8484 inthe portion 80 thereof and affording communication between the chambers40 and 83. The location of the openings 84 in the lowermost sections 80of the plate 79 permits eflicient drainage of oils from the chamber 40to the chamber 83.

The tubes 7777 of the respective cylinders depend below the plate 79into the oil sump chamber 83 and at their lower ends are preferablysilver brazed to the top wall of a discharge manifold annulus 85 whichis inundated within the oil 86 within the sump 83. The circulardischarge manifold provides two paths for the gases discharging thereto.The circular discharge manifold 85 has an outer diameter slightly lesserthan the inside diameter of the casing 4 whereby the outer wall 86thereof is positioned in close proximity to the adjacent portion of thecasing 4 without actual physical contact. The close disposition of thewall 86 with respect to the barrel 4 affords a good heat transfer to thecasing and especially through the thin film of oil in the space 88between the wall 86 and the casing 4. Furthermore, by disposing theannulus 85 within the oil 86, the oil is heated which effects a readyseparation of the gases which may dissolve therein during the stoppingcycle of the compressor. The bottom wall 89 of the discharge manifold isconnected to a communicating discharge pipe or conduit 90 which may havea connection with the usual condenser not shown. A suitable seal means91 of a removable nature may be provided between the pipe 90 and thebottom cap 8 through which the pipe passes.

The intermediate and lower portions of the casing 4 may be ensleeved bya jacket 92, which, at its upper end, may have a fluid tight fit withthe casing as by a gasket 93, the jacket 92 being preferably formed ofthin copper or other good conductible material and may be spaced fromthe enclosed portions of the container to provide a water chamber 94 forcirculation of water therethrough by inlet and outlet pipes 95 and 96,the water in the chamber 94 serving to draw off excess heat.

The lower end of the cap 8 may be provided with mounting members 97-97which may be connected to mounting studs 98-98 extending through jacket92 and carrying resilient mounting and sealing blocks 9999 for mountingthe unit on any suitable base or frame in conventional manner.

The lower end of the assembly or motor and compressor structure enclosedwithin the casing 4 may be carried from the bottom cap through anintegral depending sleeve 100 of the crank case 41, the sleeve 100surrounding the lower end portion 101 of crank shaft 30 and affording ajournal therefor through a bearing 102.

The lower extremity of the tubular portion 100 is connected to acombination support and end thrust bearing member generally designated103, said member 103 including a top relatively thick plate 104 providedwith a plurality of cars connected as by bolts to mating ears 104 at thelower end of the tubular portion 100. The plate 104 provides a smoothflat upper bearing surface 105 against which the lower end of the crankshaft portion 101 bears. The underside of the plate 104 is pro videdwith the central depending boss or support element 106 which at itslower end is formed with a downwardly tapering frusto-conical surface107 fitting into a complementary surface 108 in a positioning cup orsocket 109 depressed downwardly in the center of the bottom cap or endmember 8. The boss 106 and cup 109 form the bottom end support andpositioning means for the entire assembly disposed within the casing 4which is maintained centered within the casing by means of the flange 37which engages at surface 39 with the casing 4 intermediate the endsthereof.

The lower end of the tubular portion 100 of the crank case as well asthe member 103 are received within a cup shaped screen 110 which admitsthe boss 106 through the bottom thereof, the upper end of the screenbeing tightly fitted as by a rim member 111 to an enlarged upper endpart of the tubular portion 100. The screen 110 is adapted to filter theoil 86 which is adapted to pass through the screen into a pump generallydesignated 112, the pump including an inlet port 113 through the plate104, the lower end of the port 113 being open through the lower end ofthe plate 104 and communicating with the oil sump 83 and at its upperend being open to a pump chamber 114 comprising a bore in the lowerextremity of the tubular portion 100 and arranged eccentrically withrespect to the axis of rotation of the lower end portion 101 of thecrank shaft 30. The chamber 114 is preferably filled by a gravity feedof the oil 86 from the sump 83 through the port 113. The oil is pumpedunder pressure by means of a vane or blade 115 which is slidably fittedwithin a complementary transverse slot 116 in the lower end of the crankshaft portion 101, the slot being disposed slightly oflf center withrespect to the axis of rotation of the portion 101. The vane 115 extendsat its ends beyond the periphery of the portion 101 and co-operates withthe circumscribing surface of the chamber 114 and operating in a wipingfashion over the thrust bearing surface 105 over the intake opening 113and progressively sweeping the fluid under pressure in the chamber 114into the outlet passage or port 117 extending downwardly from surface105 into plate 104. The passage 117 communicates at its upper end withthe chamber 114 and at its lower end with a duct 11% which leads to acenter passage 119 which at its upper end extends through the topsurface 105 of the plate 104 and registers with a main oil passageway120 bored lengthwise through the crank shaft 30 and extending to a pointadjacent to the upper end thereof above bearing 31. The passageway 118also communicates with a relief valve 121 which in open positionuncloses a by-pass passageway 122 in a plate 104 which discharges intothe oil sump.

The operation of the pump may be somewhat similar to that shown in U. S.Patent 2,130,862. The crank shaft is provided with branch passagewayscommunicating with the passageway 120 and the bearings 102 and 31 andalso a bearing 123 fitted within a portion 124 of the upper tubularsupport cage 32, the portion 124 extending below the wall 36 immediatelyabove the crank throw 125 of the crank shaft. The crank shaft isprovided with upper and lower counter-weights 126 and 127, thecounter-weight 127 being removably secured to the crank throw 125 as bya U-strap 128.

A series of five connecting rods 129, 130, 131, 132, and 133, Figure 2,are stacked one above the other, in the order named, on the crank throw125, the lowermost connecting rod 129 bearing on its bottom side againstgreenesthe-top side; of flierloWer'counter-weight'127i The uppermostconnecting rod 133 faces at itslupper edgeagainst the under side 1341 ofthe'throwcounter-wei'ght 1-26". The crank throw portion 125 is provided"with branch ports 135 aligned longitudinally of the crank shaft and openthrough th'e'periphery of the throw portion inalignment withintegralone-piece'bearing portions 136 of respective connecting" rods129through 133. The ports 135 comrnunicate' with the central passageway120'and areadapted to: conduct oil to respective bearings.

Refe'arring now'toF-igures 7 and' 8, wherein the connecting rod 133' is.shown; it will be noted that each of the connecting rods 129 through 133aresubstantially identical and comprise the before mentioned integralcircular crank shaft" bearingportion 136 integrally united with oneendof the related connecting rod which at its other endis' conne'ctedto'an integral wrist pin bearing portion I'38connectedin'the"usual'manner'at 71 (Figure l()) with the related piston assembly 70 as heretofore"mentioned; It willlbe seen that each bearing 136 isprovi ed with asquirt hole 139adapted" to register with the associated portliaSforsquirtingth'e oil in the. region of the adjacent piston cylinder-assembly. Itwillb'e noted that the squirt holes139are'preferabl'ylocated approximately 63 from the longitudinal centerof the rod as indicated at X-X in Figure 7 and that in view'of' thedisposition of the cylinders ina spiral, the'squirt hole 139 of eachconnecting rod is arranged to'squirt a stream of lubricant into or inthe approximate area of the piston and'cylinder assembly therebelow. Inview'of this distributionof the oil oventh'e'entire extent of theinterior of the casing thermal characteristics are substantiallyuniformly distributed about theinterior of thecasin'g.

The uppermosttconnecting rod'133 is substantially identical with theother connecting rods with one exception; and thatis thatthe bearing"thereof is provided with an axial passageway 146 which extends fromapproximately'the" center of the'bearing through the upper edge thereofando'pens to the underside 134 of the upper counter-weight 126'.

It will b'e'seenfrom. aconsiderationof Figure 8 that the passageway'146functionsito deliver theoil from the relatedpassagewaylSS upwardlyagainst the underside ofithe'lowerportion 141 of the'uppercounterWeightlZ to deposit-a squirt ofoil against'the under surface 134ata time and: in a location whereatthe portion 141 will sling theoilintotheuppermost' piston and cylinder assembly for lubrication thereof;concomitantly some of the oil will be dispersed'alo'ng the upper"extremity of the casing 42 to afiord" a balanced thermal distributionas heretofore discussed; It will be seen that the lateral passage: 143is spa'ced substantially 163 in a counter clockwise direction (Figure7)with respect'to the squirt hole 139:

It will be appreciated that the above described constructionprovidesacompactunit and that assembly proceeds byinsertirrg the unitarymotor'a'nd compressor structure intothe casingi4 with the boss or lugsupport 106 entered intothe'socket 109'and'the' flange 37 fitted snuglyalong the area 39 The cap 6 is then sealedto the upper edge ofthe'casing4'bywelding at 10. If desired, cap 6 may be-removably connected tocasing 4. To disassemble; the Weld' at 10 is cut, the cap '-6 lifted offthe upper'end of the casing'j4, and theentiremotor and compressorassembly merelyliftedout'of thecontainer 4. Thus a novel andsimplearran'gement'is afforded. It will be; of course; understood thatfor'assemblyand disassembly the" heater 142" projected intothe oil sump"may be ,removably connected to the bottom cap. 8 and the jacket 92."However, the packinggland' assembly 91 about the discharge pipe 90 andengaging the bottom cap and "the jacket bottomwill, of course, be"loosened and upon assembly suitably tightened. V V

iItwillFbe-further notedthaflthemovel arrangementfof the cylindersiwhichare 'oriented'in aspirai "progression;

accommodates insertion and removal of the crankshaft endwise. To remove,the upper closure means 26 isfldis connected and liftedofif-the upperend of thecrankshaft. The crankshaft is rotated to place'thelowefcoun'terweight circumferentially away from the-lowermostcylinderiThe lower counterweight is then disconnected and may bemovedytransversely of the crankshaft in a direction to disconnect itsdowel pm therefrom. The disconnection of the lower counterweightmay befacilitated by first removing the lowermost cylinder sleeve. Thismovement of the lower counterweight is permitted in View of thearrangement of the cylinders. The crankshaft is then merely pulled upand the lower arm portion 143 interconne'ctingthe throw which isslightly thicker' thali armportion-143, with the first endportion 101 ofthe crankshaft is worked through each bearing portion 136'. To assemble,the procedure is'obviously reversed; An alternate method comprisesmounting the lower and upper counterweight upon theshaft with allconnectingrods and pistonstherebetween and the'cylinder heads andsleeves removed from the crankcase. This subassembly is low ere'dand'properly'rotated toenter the portion 101 of the shaft" into thebearing 102 Then each sleeve is' inserted inplace over its respectivepiston and fastened with the associated cylinder head What is claimedis: V

1. In a device of the class described, a casing having closed upper andlower: ends, a motor and compressor structure therewithin and comprisinga motor component at its upper end, a compressor component intermediateits ends, said structure bearingat its lower end upon' the bottom closedend of the casing, an" apertured bulkhead between said componentsdividing said casing'into upper and intermediate chambers, said upperchamber containing said motor component and said intermediate chambercontaining said compre'ssor component and afiordingan intake manifioldtherefor, said structure further including a baffle disposed beneathsaid compressor component and in'fiuid tight" engagement with saidcasing, and defining the lower end of the intermediate chamber, asumpcharnber containing lubricating oil at the lower end of the casingbeneath'the'baflle, saidbaffle provided with a few small aperturessuflicient to permit gas to pass between said sump chamber and theintermediate chamber but effective to prevent oilfroth, developed bydissolved gas separating from the oil under predetermined conditions;from expanding into the intermediate chamber.

2; In a device of the character described, a housing having closed upperand lower ends, a motor'and com pressor structure'encased within thehousing, said structure-'includinga bulkhead and'a baffle spacedtherefrom', and in tight engagementwith said housing, and dividing said'housing'into three axially spaced chambers, a' compressor component ofsaid structure located in the intermediate chamber, a lubricating'fluidin the bottom' 6118.111 ber, and a motor componentof the'structureinthe' upper chamber; saidbulkhead and baffle having apertures therethrough accommodating communication between said chambers for gascontained in said housing; a ga's'inlet for the 'upper chamber, saidcompressor having an intake charging from said intermediate chamber,discharge means for the compressor extending therefrom downwardlythrough'the battle in fluid tight ass'ociationtherewith" and including adischarge manifold in the lower chamber'inundated' in the lubricatingfluid, and outlet means connected to" said" discharge manifold, saiddischarge manifold adapted to conduct heat, developed'by compressed gasesported thereto, into 'the'fiuid'to evap'o rate 'gas' entrained in thefluid to reduce'frothing thereof and thereby substantially precludeentry of the fluid through thebafiie apertures into the intermediatechamber, vsaid motor component concomitantly efiective'to obtainturbulent gas movement" in the upperchamber" tocentrifugallyseparateatomizedffluid particles from" the gas; and "saidbulkheau adaptedtopass "the "gasthroi'igh its apertures into saidintermediate chamber in a relatively slow moving calm flow wherebyefiecting substantial settling of fluid remaining in the gas uponsurrounding surfaces of the intermediate chamber, prior to the gas inthe intermediate chamber being drawn into the intake of said compressorcomponent.

3. In a device of the character described, an upright hermeticallysealed housing, a structure including motor and compressor componentsmounted therein, means delivering gas to the upper end of the housing, abafiie constituting part of said structure and disposed beneath thecompressor component of the structure, and in tight engagement with theinterior of the housing, an oil sump chamber in the housing below thebaflle and containing lubricating oil, gas inlet means associated withthe upper extremity of the housing, said batfie being apertured topermit gas passage therethrough into the oil in the sump chamber, saidcompressor component having intake means adapted to draw surrounding gasinto the compressor, the apertures in said bafiie being relatively smalland few and adapted to accommodate passage of gas from the sump upwardlytherethrough and to prevent oil froth developed by gas evaporating outof solution with the oil, from unrestrictively expanding into the areaabout the compressor component.

4. In a pump unit, an upright casing having closed ends, a structuretherein comprising a motor component and a compressor componenttherebelow, means expansibly mounting said structure within the casing,a bafiie constituting part of said structure disposed beneath thecompressor component and in sealed movable engagement about itsperiphery with the interior of the container, an oil sump at the bottomof the container below said bafile, said compressor component havingintake means communicating with the interior of the container above thebafiie, discharge means for the compressor component extending belowsaid baflie into the oil sump and including an endless dischargemanifold positioned with its outer periphery in close proximity to theinterior of the adjacent portion of said casing, oil in said sumpinundating said manifold and filling the space between said outerperiphery of the manifold and adjacent portion of the casing andproviding a heat transfer media between the manifold and the casing, anda water jacket surrounding said casing at least in the area of saidadjacent portion thereof.

5. In a compressor apparatus, a closed casing, a structure including acompressor component and motor means therefore expansibly mounted withinthe casing, said compressor component including a crankcase with aplurality of cylinders, piston assemblies operative within thecylinders, crankshaft means journaled to the crankcase and connected tothe motor means and said piston assemblies, each cylinder including anintake manifold circumscribing the same completely thereabout andcommunicating with the interior of the casing at its inlet and providingan outlet to the associated cylinder extending completely around theinlet end thereof whereby effecting simultaneous substantially uniformdistribution of gas across the entire radial extent of the cylinderwhereby eflfecting a substantially uniform thermal condition about thecylinder, said cylinders arranged in a spiral generated about thelongitudinal axis of the crankcase and spaced substantially uniformlythereabout to obtain generally equalized thermal characteristics duringoperation of the piston assemblies therein.

6. A compressor apparatus according to claim 5, and comprising a pair ofapertured members spaced longitudinally of the casing and in peripheraltight engagement therewith and defining a relatively quiescent gaschamber therebetween circumscribing said crankcase and communicatingwith the intake of said cylinder manifolds, said chamber conducive toseparation of the gas from oils and the like whereby reducing localizedthermal high 76 10 stress conditions developing from nonuniform gasconstituency entering said cylinders.

7. In an apparatus of the class described, an upright hermeticallysealed casing having an upper motor chamber, an intermediate compressorchamber, and a lower lubricant sump chamber, individual partitionsbetween the chambers apertured to provide communication for gas betweensaid chambers, the apertures in the partition being formed and arrangedto resist flow of oil froth from the sump chamber to the compressorchamber, a compressor including a one-piece crankcase in the compressorchamber connected to the partition thereabove and having a portionextending through the partition therebelow into said oil sump chamber,oil in the sump chamber inundating said portion of the casing andaffording a thermal connection therewith, a crankshaft journaled on saidcrankcase, cylinders on the crankcase, piston assemblies in thecylinders operatively connected to the crankshaft, and means associatedwith the crankshaft and including passages therein formed and arrangedfor discharging oil over substantially the entire interior of thecrankcase to substantially equalize the thermal conditions thereabout.

8. In a compressor apparatus of the class described; a compressorincluding an integral crankcase open at one end and closed at its otherend and having a central outwardly projecting tubular extension on theclosed end; a crankshaft having coaxial first and second end portionsand an intermediate transaxially ofifset crank throw portion and armportions interconnecting each end of the throw portion with the relatedend portion; a series of cylinders carried by the crankcase and arrangedin a spiral progression oriented about the longitudinal axis of thecasing and extending from one end of the casing to the other; said firstend portion journaled within said tubular extension; a counterweightremovably connected to the throw portion at the end thereof adjacentsaid first end portion; a piston in each cylinder; a connecting rodoperatively connected to each piston and having an integral one-pieceannular bearing portion sleeved over the crank throw portion; said crankthrow portion being formed and arranged and the arm portioninterconnecting the throw portion with said first end portion beingdisposed at a predetermined angle with respect to the throw portion andsaid first end portion and upon disconnection of said counterweight whenthe counterweight is positioned in an area of the crankcase away fromthe cylinder next adjacent to said closed end whereby the counterweightis permitted movement transversely of the crankshaft, to accommodateendwise removal and insertion of said crankshaft with respect to saidone-piece bearing portions of the connecting rods and said tubularextension of the crankcase.

9. A compressor according to claim 8, and comprising a closure memberjournaling the second end portion of the crankshaft and removablyconnected to the crankcase across said open end thereof.

10. In a compressor of the class described, a piston and cylinderarrangement, a crankshaft operatively connected with the piston, meansfor delivering lubricant through a passage in crankshaft to theconnection between the crankshaft and the piston, a counterweight on thecrankshaft, a passage adapted to register intermittently with thepassage in the crankshaft and open to one side of the counterweight fordirecting an oil deposit thereon at an area thereof phased to sling themajor portion of the deposit into the cylinder pursuant to rotation ofthe counterweight with the crankshaft.

11. In a compressor as described, a cylinder structure comprising acylindrical member, an annular intake manifold thereabout, saidcylindrical member having a portion with a frusto-conical surfacetapering in the direction toward the intake and of the cylinder withinsaid manifold, and said manifold having an annular groove therein facingsaid surface, the groove face curving toward said surface in saiddirectionand previzfing' said suffice a relatively narrow slotcanine-rely the inlet 'eiid df said cylinder member. i

12; Iii a device bf the-"class described, an ue'stanning tubularca's'ing'withtop and bottom cap members "closing the top and bottom endsof the casing, said bottom cap member having a central dependent cupportion open to the-casing; a'unitary meter and ccrnpresso'r stru'ctui'having a meter component at its up'gi'er end and a compressor cbmbdnenttherebelcwand being self-adjusti'ri'gly slidably fit'fedWithin saidcasing and 'insertable and remevabie as aufnit endvvise-thefebf, abeffbmsuii'por-t for the structure and comprising a central bottom end elementon' the structure cempiememany fitting within said Clip for centeringthe-'s'truc'ti1"re- Within the casing-,- said s'tructii're including abdlkliead iiiember" dis fidsed intermediate said nio'tb'fi and c'eni'p'rss'or cciria'pon h't's and having a periphand surface incle's'e fittingenga ement with the interior (if-the casing and With saidhot in supportaffording the sole p'ropfer said strfict'uie Within'sa'i'd casing; saidbulkhead menib'e'f dfviding' s'aidcasing-ind) a relatively tu'rb'ule'nt16W pre'sserechamber the'f'ea'bb've and a relatively calm intakemanifold chamber therebelow and having-"said bulkhead-member fashionedwith a plurality bf apertures therethr'dng'h attaining ccmmnnicatibnbetween said chambers" and permitting gasesto new from the low pressurechamber to the intake chambers '13. Ina device of the class described-,ahermetic hous mg, a. unitary structure mounted therein'and comprisinginterassociated' meter and compressor components dis= posed in axialalignment with the c'omp'r'essoi' in-a 1ower mostpo's'itio'n, an oilsnfnp'at the Bottom of the housing beneathsaid compressor componentand-having-a portion 7 of said compressor extending thereintb, oil insaid' suifif) fillingthe space b'etiveen said exzending compressorertion and adjacent portion-0f the housin'g'an'd providing a heattransfer media between said extending com ressdr portion and thehcusing,and a readily rein'ova'bIe- Water jacket surrounding said hoti's'ing inthe area 'adjdin'ing said compressor component and'said 'oil surnp.

14. A 'dev'iceaccording tocla'iin 13 and further chafacterized by awaterjacket that is fashioned to cover the bottom endwall in additiontdpoftio'ns of the side Walls of the'housing. V

15; In adevice of the class described,- a compressor having a'crank-case witha plurality of piston and cylindei components, a drivencrankshaft journaled' fronii' the crankcase and operatively connected tothe pistons bf said-cernponents, separate discharge means for eachcdr'ii ponent, a cemmo'n annularly arranged endless manifold 12 idcfififidfiii'ts} eacli 'df said "sesa e edly cdnn cted in a ccntinnbnslydfierable gas conducting felations if? 't'd' s d 'rnahi'fld atciicuififefentially speczi mervals theie'along tb prov de we fiat'hs"fdf theflbwf gas discharging th'rih'tbfrofix each of saidseparatedischarge means;an"d'an'om1etror said-manifold; I T6. 1ha device 6f theclass described, 'a coinpre's'sbi' having-a crankcase With a phifality'Of fii'stbn ahd cylinder ce'inpbnen'tsg adrive'nciankshaft-jdurnaled-fro'nrtlie cf a'nk case and peia'tively connected to the pistons of"said cbin'pb'n'ents, separate discharge means for each cdni patient; ac'emmbnannfilarly affang'ed endless manifdld di'sifiti's'ed beneathsaid-components, a'con'taine'r encasing eoifibr'es'ser and" said dischare manifold; each Ofsaid separate discharge means being" fi-X'edlyconnected a con'tindeusly operable ga "'ridii'cting felatibnshiii'tb'said manifold at 'cireumnsrefinany'spaced-intervalsther'e alb gt'oprovide t'wd'patlis 'fdi' menu-w bfgas discharging'there into fromeach of said separate nis'eharge means-heat exeha'nge fluid -Ineans"in-said' con ainer ceinplet'ely innadating said manifold; and an (inletfor saidniahifoldl 17". In a compressor as described, a cylinderstructure comprising a cylindrical member having a cylinder intake end,a manifold member having an annular g'rbbve'the'rein; saidmanifold'member bein disposed sc'that the annular grbove'thefeincooperates with said cylindrical mnifie'r' adjbininghtheintakeend thereof to 'previde' an unobstructed andendless'intake manifoldcompletely encircling the periphery-0f "said cylindrical member, 'saidmanifold member havinga portion thereof adjoining the gibdve thereinthat is spaced from said cylindrical member td prvide an unobstructedanniila'r slot-like passage com pletely circumscribing the intakeend ofsaid cylindrical memberand-interconnecting said mani-fdld With theintake end' of the cylinderwhereby gases are passed from theinterior-'0'? saidmanif'old to the cylinder;

ReferencesCite'd in the file of this'=patent-' 'sTATEs' PATENTS

